Deception Point Page 99

Pickering sighed. â€Å"NASA, for all its flaws, must remain a government entity.† Certainly she can understand the dangers. Privatization would send NASA's best minds and ideas flooding into the private sector. The brain trust would dissolve. The military would lose access. Private space companies looking to raise capital would start selling NASA patents and ideas to the highest bidders worldwide! Rachel's voice was tremulous. â€Å"You faked the meteorite and killed innocent people†¦ in the name of national security?† â€Å"It was never supposed to happen like this,† Pickering said. â€Å"The plan was to save an important government agency. Killing was not part of it.† The meteorite deception, Pickering knew, like most intelligence proposals, had been the product of fear. Three years ago, in an effort to extend the NRO hydrophones into deeper water where they could not be touched by enemy saboteurs, Pickering spearheaded a program that utilized a newly developed NASA building material to secretly design an astonishingly durable submarine capable of carrying humans to the deepest regions of the ocean-including the bottom of the Mariana Trench. Forged from a revolutionary ceramic, this two-man submarine was designed from blueprints hacked from the computer of a California engineer named Graham Hawkes, a genius sub designer whose life dream was to build an ultra-deepwater submersible he called Deep Flight II. Hawkes was having trouble finding funding to build a prototype. Pickering, on the other hand, had an unlimited budget. Using the classified ceramic submersible, Pickering sent a covert team underwater to affix new hydrophones to the walls of the Mariana Trench, deeper than any enemy could possibly look. In the process of drilling, however, they uncovered geologic structures unlike any that scientists had ever seen. The discoveries included chondrules and fossils of several unknown species. Of course, because the NRO's ability to dive this deep was classified, none of the information could ever be shared. It was not until recently, driven yet again by fear, that Pickering and his quiet team of NRO science advisers had decided to put their knowledge of the Mariana's unique geology to work to help save NASA. Turning a Mariana rock into a meteorite had proven to be a deceptively simple task. Using an ECE slush-hydrogen engine, the NRO team charred the rock with a convincing fusion crust. Then, using a small payload sub, they had descended beneath the Milne Ice Shelf and inserted the charred rock up into the ice from beneath. Once the insertion shaft refroze, the rock looked like it had been there for over three hundred years. Unfortunately, as was often the case in the world of covert operations, the grandest of plans could be undone by the smallest of snags. Yesterday, the entire illusion had been shattered by a few bioluminescent plankton†¦ From the cockpit of the idling Kiowa, Delta-One watched the drama unfold before him. Rachel and Tolland appeared to be in clear control, although Delta-One almost had to laugh at the hollowness of the illusion. The machine gun in Tolland's hands was worthless; even from here Delta-One could see the cocking bar assembly had kicked back, indicating the clip was empty. As Delta-One gazed out at his partner struggling in the Triton's claws, he knew he had to hurry. The focus on deck had turned completely to Pickering, and now Delta-One could make his move. Leaving the rotors idling, he slipped out of the rear of the fuselage and, using the chopper for cover, made his way unseen onto the starboard gangway. With his own machine gun in hand, he headed for the bow. Pickering had given him specific orders before they landed on deck, and Delta-One had no intention of failing at this simple task. In a matter of minutes, he knew, this will all be over. 122 Still wearing his bathrobe, Zach Herney sat at his desk in the Oval Office, his head throbbing. The newest piece of the puzzle had just been revealed. Marjorie Tench is dead. Herney's aides said they had information suggesting Tench had driven to the FDR Memorial for a private meeting with William Pickering. Now that Pickering was missing, the staff feared Pickering too might be dead. The President and Pickering had endured their battles lately. Months ago Herney learned that Pickering had engaged in illegal activity on Herney's behalf in an attempt to save Herney's floundering campaign. Employing NRO assets, Pickering had discreetly obtained enough dirt on Senator Sexton to sink his campaign-scandalous sexual photos of the senator with his aide Gabrielle Ashe, incriminating financial records proving Sexton was taking bribes from private space companies. Pickering anonymously sent all the evidence to Marjorie Tench, assuming the White House would use it wisely. But Herney, upon seeing the data, had forbidden Tench to use it. Sex scandals and bribery were cancers in Washington, and waving another one in front of the public only added to their distrust of government. Cynicism is killing this country. Although Herney knew he could destroy Sexton with scandal, the cost would be besmirching the dignity of the U.S. Senate, something Herney refused to do. No more negatives. Herney would beat Senator Sexton on the issues. Pickering, angered by the White House's refusal to use the evidence he had provided, tried to jump-start the scandal by leaking a rumor that Sexton had slept with Gabrielle Ashe. Unfortunately, Sexton declared his innocence with such convincing indignation that the President ended up having to apologize for the leak personally. In the end William Pickering had done more damage than good. Herney told Pickering that if he ever interfered in the campaign again, he would be indicted. The grand irony, of course, was that Pickering did not even like President Herney. The NRO director's attempts to help Herney's campaign were simply fears over the fate of NASA. Zach Herney was the lesser of two evils. Now has someone killed Pickering? Herney could not imagine. â€Å"Mr. President?† an aide said. â€Å"As you requested, I called Lawrence Ekstrom and told him about Marjorie Tench.† â€Å"Thank you.† â€Å"He would like to speak to you, sir.† Herney was still furious with Ekstrom for lying about PODS. â€Å"Tell him I'll talk to him in the morning.† â€Å"Mr. Ekstrom wants to talk to you right away, sir.† The aide looked uneasy. â€Å"He's very upset.† HE'S upset? Herney could feel his temper fraying around the edges. As he stalked off to take Ekstrom's call, the President wondered what the hell else could possibly go wrong tonight. 123 Onboard the Goya, Rachel felt lightheaded. The mystification that had settled around her like a heavy fog was lifting now. The stark reality that came into focus left her feeling naked and disgusted. She looked at the stranger before her and could barely hear his voice. â€Å"We needed to rebuild NASA's image,† Pickering was saying. â€Å"Their declining popularity and funding had become dangerous on so many levels.† Pickering paused, his gray eyes locking on hers. â€Å"Rachel, NASA was desperate for a triumph. Someone had to make it happen.† Something had to be done, Pickering thought. The meteorite had been a final act of desperation. Pickering and others had tried to save NASA by lobbying to incorporate the space agency into the intelligence community where it would enjoy increased funding and better security, but the White House continuously rebuffed the idea as an assault on pure science. Shortsighted idealism. With the rising popularity of Sexton's anti-NASA rhetoric, Pickering and his band of military powerbrokers knew time was running short. They decided that capturing the imagination of taxpayers and Congress was the only remaining way to salvage NASA's image and save it from the auction block. If the space agency was to survive, it would need an infusion of grandeur-something to remind the taxpayers of NASA's Apollo glory days. And if Zach Herney was going to defeat Senator Sexton, he was going to need help.

Translatiom

A TRANSLATION ANALYSIS OF NOUN IN IPS – GEOGRAFI BILINGUAL PUBLISHED BY YRAMA WIDYA (2008) RESEARCH PROPOSAL Submitted as a Partial Falfillment of the Requirement for Getting Bachelor Degree of Education In English Department Proposed by: ADE FEBRIANINGRRUM A 320100217 SCHOOL OF TEACHER TRAINING AND EDUCATION MUHAMMADIYAH UNIVERSITY OF SURAKARTA 2013 APPROVAL A TRANSLATION ANALYSIS OF NOUN IN IPS – GEOGRAFI BILINGUAL PUBLISHED BY YRAMA WIDYA (2008) RESEARCH PROPOSAL Proposed by: ADE FEBRIANINGRRUM A 320100217 Approved by First ConsultantSecond Consultant Dra. Dwi Haryanti, M. Hum†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.. TABLE OF CONTENTCOVER†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. APROVAL†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã ¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. TABLE OF CONTENT†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ CHAPTER I: INTRODUCTION†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. A. Background of the Study†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ B. Previous Study†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ C. Problem Statement†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦D. Objective o f the Study†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.. E. Limitation of the Study †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. CHAPTER II: UNDERLYING THEORY†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ A. Translation†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ B. –†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ C. –†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.. CHAPTER III: RESEARCH METHOD†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ A. Type of Study†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ B.Object of the Study†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. C. Data and Data Source†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ D. Method of Data Collection†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. E. Technique of Data Analysis†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.. A TRANSLATION ANALYSIS OF NOUN IN IPS – GEOGRAFI BILINGUAL PUBLISHED BY YRAMA WIDYA (2008) A. Background of the study In this world, there are so many languages. Every country speaks with their own languages. That’s why each country has its own translator. The translator’s jpb is to translate one language to another language.In translation involves at least two languages, that are the source and target language. What is generally understood as translation involves the rendering of sourcce language (SL) text into target language (TL) so as to ensure that (1) the surface meaning of the two will be approximately. similiar and (2) the structures of the SL will be preserved as closely as possible but not so closely that the TL structures will be seriuously distorted. (Susan Bassnett- Mc Guire, 1991:13). To do transaltion, a transaltor has to master the relevant language, both the source language and the target language.It is done to make a good translation, which is able to transfer the massage from source language (SL) into traget language (TL). In other hand, transalation plays an important role to solve the problem of inerlingua communication. The writer is intere sted in classifying the variety meaning of English noun which are translated into indonesian and also in describing the equivalen on the indonesia translation of noun. The writer likes in observing text book IPS – Geografi Bilingual, because it is the text book which is support the teaching learning process in bilingual school for senior high school grades XI published by Yrama Widya 2008.To norrow the study, the writer analyzes noun found in IPS – Geografi Bilingual textbook. Based on this textbook the writer finds translation level shift of noun and adaptation such as : SL : The Development of science and technology affects human life in general. But the development is diffirent among countries, depending on the ability of humans in controlling and developing them TL : Perkembangan ilmu pengetahuan dan teknologi membawa dampak terhadap kehidupan manusia pada umumnya. Namun perkembangan tersebut berbeda-beda, tergantung pada kemampuan manusia dalam menguasai dan menge mbangkannyaIn the example above, the word science is a noun. Science in the TL is translated into Ilmu Pengeteahuan . In this case, there is a translation shift of the massage from SL into TL, because science is noun and Ilmu Pengetahuan is Noun Phrase . Level Shift is the SL item at once linguistic level had a translation equivalen at diffirent level, so It is classified into level shift. The word technology is a noun. Technology in the TL is translated into teknologi. In this case, there is a translation adaptation from SL into TL, because tehnology is a noun and teknologi is a noun adaptation.Adaptation It is classified into noun adapatation. Based on those phenomena, the writer wants to conduct a research entittled A Translation Analysis of Noun in IPS – Geografi Bilingual Published by Yrama Widya 2008. B. Previous Study This study is not the only one study that is done by the writer. There are some references that become inspiration to this study. These are previous stud y that deal with the translation analysis. In the case, the writer discusses the previous research about translation that has been done by some researchers.Mariana Prihatmini (2009) graduated student from Muhammadiyah University of Surakarta with her research entitled A Translation Analysis of Noun Suffixes In Sandra Brown’s a Treasure Worth Seeking Into Permata Hati by Diniarty Pandia . The result of the research show that: 1) There are eleven types of noun suffixes, namely: suffix –age, -al, -ance (-ence), -ment, -tion ( -sion), -er ( -or) , -ing, -ity, -ness, -th, and –ism; 2) from 107 data. All the data or 100% belong to equivalent translation.It means that the translation of noun suffixes in â€Å"A Translation Analysis of Noun Suffixes In Sandra Brown’s a Treasure Worth Seeking Into Permata Hati by Diniarty Pandia† is very good, because all the translation are translated into equivalent translation. The reserach above is different from the wr iter, because the data and data source are different. The writer takes Noun while Mariana Prihatmini takes Noun Suffixes as the data. The writer’s data source is IPS – Geografi Bilingual while Mariana Prihatmini’s data source is Sandra Brown’s a Treasure Worth Seeking Into Permata Hati by Diniarty Pandia.The similiarity is focused on the translation analysis. Other reserach is the research conducted by Yusuf Nuryanto (2009) graduated student from Muhammadiyah University of Surakarta with her research entitled A Translation Analysis of Phrasal Verb In The King Of Torts by John Grisham and Its Translation. The result of the data analysis show that (1) there are 3 kinds of catagory shift, those are 5 data or 2,23% of phrasal verb into adjective, 1 datum or 0,45% data of phrasal verb into noun, and there are 2 or 0,89% of phrasal verb that is not translated, from 224 data of phrasal hrase. (1) In the level shif of translation there are 160 data or 71,43% data of phrasal verb into verb, 54 or 24,11% of phrasal verb into verb phrase. 1 datum or 0,45% of phrasal verb into adverbial pharse, and 1 datum or 0,45% of phrasal verb into clause, from 224 data, (3) from 224 data, there are 216 data or 96,43% belong to equivalent translation and 8 data or 3,57% belong to non equivalent. The reserach above is different from the writer, because the data and data source are different. The writer takes Noun while Yusuf Nuryanto takes Phrasal Verb as the data.The writer’s data source is IPS – Geografi Bilingual while Yusuf Nuryanto’s data source is The King Of Torts by John Grisham and Its Translation.. The similiarity is focused on the translation analysis. So, The writer would like to focus of A Translation Analysis of Noun in IPS – Geografi Bilingual Published by Yrama Widya (2008). C. Limitation of the Study In conducting the research, the writter limits the problems that are going to be discussed. This research only deal s with noun used in IPS-Geografi Billingual Published by Yrama Widya 2008.The writer describes the varieties meaning of English noun which are translated into indonesian and the equivalence in the Indonesian translation of noun. This limitation is done for making easier in understanding about the study. D. Problem Statement Based on the research background, the problems proposed in this research are as follows: 1. What are the varieties meaning of English noun which are translated into Indonesian used in IPS-Geografi Bilingual published by Yrama Widya 2008 ? 2. How are the equivalence in the Indonesian translation sentences including noun in IPS-Geografi Bilingual published by Yrama Widya 2008?E. Objective of the Study Based on the research problems mentioned above, the writer has the following objectives as follows: 1. To classify the varieties meaning of English noun which are translated into indonesian used in IPS-Geografi Bilingual published by Yrama Widya 2008. 2. To describe t he equivalence in the Indonesian translation sentences including noun in IPS-Geografi Bilingual published by Yrama Widya 2008. F. BENEFIT OF THE STUDY This study will have two benefit, they are theoretical and practical benefit. 1. Theoretical benefit The result of the research will erlarge the scope of knowledge about english noun.So, the other researchers may use it as one of literature reviews in their linguistics study. 2. Practical benefit a. The result of the research may give more contributions on the enlargement of English noun to the readers that many use it in many ways. b. The result of this research may give more information to the readers about the variety meaning of English noun and the use them in the appropriate way. CHAPTER II UNDERLYING THEORY A. Translation 1. Notion of Translation Here the text in the first languageis the source text and the equivalen text that communicates the same massage is the â€Å"target text† or â€Å"translated text†.Initial ly translation has been a manual activity. Today, together with manual activity. Today, together with manual translation, there is also automatic translation of natural language text, which is referred to as machine translation or computer-assisted translation which is used computers as an aid to translation. Translatiom is one way to bring the world closer. Based on definition above it can be summarised that of translation is a process of transferring massage from source language into target language and the result of transferring should be equivalent both of meaning and style of languageCHAPTER III RESEARCH METHOD In this chapter, the reseracher presents the method employed in the research. In relation with the study, researcher chooses descriptive method to analyze the data. It is divided into four main points: type of the reserach, object of the study data and data source, technique for collecting data and technique for analyzing data. A. Type of the Reserarch The type of resear ch belongs to qualitative research. Qualitative research means â€Å"any kind of reserach that procedure finding not arrived at by means of statistician procedures or other means of quantification.Moleong (1991:5) states that qualitative research is type of reserach with result descriptive data in the form of written or oral world from observed object. B. Data and Data Source The object of the reserach is the kinds of variety meaning of English noun found in textbook IPS Geografi Billingual Published by Yrama Widya 2008. C. Data and Data Source In this reserach, the data are all word noun taken from IPS Geografi Billingual Published by Yrama Widya 2008. . The source of data is from IPS Geografi Billingual Published by Yrama Widya 2008. D. Technique for Collecting Data The methods of collecting data are observation and documentation.The ways are as follows: 1. Reading textbook IPS Geografi Billingual Published by Yrama Widya 2008 and underlines english noun. 2. Recognizing the trans lation variation in the Indonesian version and underlines them. 3. Writing the data down into paper. 4. Recognizing the Engllish noun are translated into Indonesian noun. 5. Coding the data. For example: 001/IPSGB/SL1/TL1, which means: * : Datum Number IPSGB: IPS Geografi Billingual SL1: Source Language page 1 TL1: Target Language page 1 E. Technique for Analyzing Data To analyze the collected data, the reserachers takes the following steps:

Research Paper on Children

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The Battle Of Maritime Wars - 856 Words

Maritime wars took a noteworthy change amid the common war. On March 8 1862 the Confederates revealed a ship that would change maritime fighting everlastingly, making wooden body ship outdated. The Confederates set two layers of steel plate over the structure of the Merrimack, situated ten firearms along its side and included a smash her bow. This resilient ship in its first fight, in the harbor of Hampton Roads assaulted five Union boats. The Merrimack renamed the Virginia sank one Union boat, exploded another ship, and made a third run ashore. No shots could infiltrate her shield. The unexpected thing was the Merrimack was left to sink after the Union naval force cut gaps into it. The Virginia s grandness did not keep going long. She was a frigate that was surrendered by the Union naval force, and adjusted with steel by the Confederates naval force. She was a moderate boat controlled by two old motors. It took thirty minutes just to turn her around. Three months earlier from the assault at Hampton Roads harbor the Union naval force was building an iron clad boat they could call their own, the Screen. Composed by John Ericsson, this boat was assembled without any preparation in just three months. This boat included a spinning turret, had two eleven inch weapons and was controlled by an assistant steam motor. She was twice as quick as the Virginia and a great deal more flexibility. On March 9, the day after the triumph of the Virginia at Hampton RoadsShow MoreRelatedExplain The Economic Logic Underpinning Mahan’S Theory1104 Words   |  5 PagesEmpire, which included the history of the Second Punic War, Mahan emphasized the significant role that sea communications played in Rome’s victory. Additionally, he describes the relevance of different maritime campaigns in various battles that took place during the French and American revolutions. Mahan evaluates these wars from an uncommon perspective to demonstrate the how sea control and naval powers were the most crucial components in these wars outcomes. He institutes sea power as being the mostRead MoreThe Concept Of A Naval Battle1036 Words   |  5 PagesThe concept of a naval battle has been around since approximately 1210 B.C.E. However, it would be several thousands of years before its most important and revolutionary changes would be brought about. The idea of a submersible ship has been ar ound since the Revolution, although its success was minimal at best. The first modern submarine would be developed in the late 19th century and would be first used successfully in warfare by the Germans in World War 1. It arguably led to the American’s victoryRead MoreEssay about The War of 18121719 Words   |  7 PagesThe War of 1812 On June 18, 1812, the United States declared war on Great Britain. The peace treaty to end the war was signed in Europe, 1814. The war lasted from 1812 to the spring of 1815 because there was a delay in communications. It was fought along the Canadian border, along with several sea battles. By the time the war was over the United States lost 2,260 soldiers, and the British 1,600 soldiers. The war of 1812 was a very significant event that took place in the U.S. It did in fact confirmRead MoreThe War of 1812 Essay1051 Words   |  5 PagesAmerican-British War of 1812 which ended officially in 1814 with the peace Treaty of Ghent. None of the issues which instigated war were really resolved and it would seem that for the US, the War of 1812 was just a series of failures and few triumphs that, in the end, cost the Natives more than anyone else. The war began with fired-up Americans seeking resolution to their deep-seated resentments toward the British; hard feelings which only festered during the French Revolutionary Wars. Since the AmericanRead MoreEssay about The Success of Operation Desert Storm and Shield825 Words   |  4 Pageson August 2nd 1990, Operation Desert shield was implemented by the United States on August 7th. Trying to deter Iraq from advancing farther into the country the U.S. began staging troops, equipment and other supplies needed to sustain a military in war time. Moving resources by air and sea the American armed forces presence was made known in the region with resources being staged in the allied countries of Saudi Arabia These later we mobilized initiating operation Desert Storm on January 17th 1991Read MoreCritical Reasoning And Battle Analysis Of Fort Wagner1426 Words   |  6 PagesCritical Reasoning and Battle Analysis of Fort Wagner The purpose of this narrative is to detail the battle of Fort Wagner during the Civil War. This focus explains the defeat of Union forces and how the implementation of intelligence assets may have resulted in Union victory. The use of reconnaissance and scout assets by Union forces would have resulted in the success of the Union Army at Fort Wagner. Fort Wagner was a key stronghold for Confederate forces, securing the Charleston Harbor and protectingRead MoreThe Battle Of World War II1168 Words   |  5 Pages The Battles of World War II Normandy Invasion, D-Day In December 1943, the head of staff of the Allies picked American General Dwight D. Eisenhower as incomparable administrator for the Allies in Europe. English General, Sir Frederick Morgan, added to various arrangements for the Allies, most uncommon was Operation Overlord, a full-scale intrusion of France over the English Channel. This was the codename for the most mysterious summon in the war. The initial plan was to cross the English ChannelRead MoreThe War Of New Orleans1190 Words   |  5 PagesThe War of 1812 is probably our most obscure conflict. Although a great deal has been written about the war, the average American is only vaguely aware of why we fought or who the enemy was. Even those who know something about the contest are likely to remember only a few dramatic moments, such as the writing of â€Å"The Star-Spangled Banner,† the burning of the nation’s capital, or the Battle of New Orleans. Why is this war so obscure? One reason is that no great president is associatedRead MoreAthens V Sparta Geography1229 Words   |  5 PagesGreece. Many of these city-states grew independently, adapting to their physical surroundings. The two most famous of these poleis were Athens and Sparta. For example, Athens adapted to its access to the Mediterranean Sea by basing its economy on maritime trade. Sparta on the other hand was founded on a fertile region in center of Peloponnesus, which made them very xenophobic and military based. The geography was a key aspect that affected the Athenian and Spartan economy, foreign relationships,Read MoreThe War Of New Orleans Essay1254 Words   |  6 Pagesbody_americanperspective_warof1812_2.jpg The War of 1812 is probably our most obscure conflict. Although a great deal has been written about the war, the average American is only vaguely aware of why we fought or who the enemy was. Even those who know something about the contest are likely to remember only a few dramatic moments, such as the writing of â€Å"The Star-Spangled Banner,† the burning of the nation’s capital, or the Battle of New Orleans. Why is this war so obscure? One reason is that no

An Assignment Fine Art - 1804 Words

Assignment One: Fine Art What influenced these paintings? Would these same messages translate through time if the paintings swapped places in history? Fine art is more than just paint on canvas. Historical events, social, educational and physical experiences of the artist season their work and influence the way the artist transcribes messages to the viewer, influencing their ability to receive those messages. Two oil paintings containing the same subject matter can be incredibly similar and yet different in the influence they have on the viewer. C.F. Goldie’s ‘Ena Te Papatahi’ (1902) and S. Minson’s ‘Effulgent Self’ (2009) are two such paintings. Both contain realistic portraits of a Maori woman, but painted over 100 years apart are interpreted very differently by audiences in their time. Goldie was born in 1870, just 2 years before the end of the last of the New Zealand wars. From 1845 – 1872 many tribes were embroiled in a fight for land rights with the European lead government. After these wars a large amount of land in the North Island was taken away from the MÄ ori, displacing them from their homes and forcing them to choose between integrating into a more European life or to move further away from the newly formed towns. Many MÄ ori lives were lost during the course of these wars - â€Å"Historian James Cowan suggested that over 500 British and colonial forces and about 250 kÃ… «papa (MÄ ori supporting the government) died. The number killed on the other side is even harder toShow MoreRelatedArts Is An Institution Of Higher Education931 Words   |  4 Pagesthe center of all fine arts programming. Many of us are aware of the transformative power of Arts performances and exhibits. I ll call this arts enrichment. The Arts reach deeply into our unconscious minds and make an imprint beyond where the written or spoken word can go. The Arts open minds to pluralistic thinking and banish barriers between various groups within the human race without in-your-face politics or flag waving sentimentality. With subtlety of expression, the Arts elevate us to ourRead MoreVisual Arts : Visual Art Essay1552 Words   |  7 PagesVisual Arts- an introduction Visual Art plays a vital role in shaping our culture and everyday experience. What makes a painting work? What inspires a sculptor to create? What makes a poster attractive? What draws the reader’s attention to a magazine on a newsstand? How to create harmony in our living spaces? The content of Visual arts are affected by many factors, including the language used and media of visual communication, historical and social forces, and the evolution of new modes of expressionRead MoreThe Museum of Fine Arts Essay891 Words   |  4 PagesThe Museum of Fine Arts One pleasant afternoon, my classmates and I decided to visit the Houston Museum of Fine Arts to begin on our museum assignment in world literature class. According to Houston Museum of Fine Art’s staff, MFAH considers as one of the largest museums in the nation and it contains many variety forms of art with more than several thousand years of unique history. Also, I have never been in a museum in a very long time especially as big as MFAH, and my experience about the museumRead MoreHum 111 Week 10 Assignment 3 Strayer1430 Words   |  6 PagesHUM 111 WEEK 10 ASSIGNMENT 3 STRAYER To purchase this visit following link: https://coursehomework.com/product/hum-111-week-10-assignment-3-strayer/ Contact us at: HELP@COURSEHOMEWORK.COM HUM 111 WEEK 10 ASSIGNMENT 3 STRAYER Due Week 10 (03/14/2016) and worth 100 points As a way of experiencing the Humanities beyond your classroom, computer, and textbook, you are asked to do a certain type of â€Å"cultural activity† that fits well with our course and then report on your experience. Your instructorRead MoreEssay about Rich Rollin657 Words   |  3 PagesWritten Assignment Art Theft There are several agencies around the world working to curtail art theft and recover stolen works. The assignment will require you to explore several website to learn more about their efforts, examine one case of art theft and identify why art is so valuable. Prepare a five paragraph essay citing at least two sources. Explore the following websites and become familiar with the efforts being made to stop art theft internationally. Discuss what each sites has to offersRead MoreApplication Posiment : Application Statement708 Words   |  3 Pagesposition currently being offered with the Visual Arts Department at Grenfell Campus, Memorial University of Newfoundland. I discovered the job posting on University Affairs website and after looking further into the Visual Arts program online, I feel that I would be an excellent fit for the position. I have an extensive visual art education which started at NSCAD in 2005, completing my BFA at Emily Carr University in 2009 and my MFA at the School of Art, University of Manitoba in 2014. I’m keen to fillRead MoreDual Enrollment Program1438 Words   |  6 Pageswas Fine Arts. Out of those courses, only the Mathematics courses were updated with week-by-week expectations and announcements. The other courses had all of the work assigned from the beginning, and the teachers never posted anything in their â€Å"News† forums. Another concern with communication is that some teachers do not even answer students’ questions. Several of my classmates have stories of asking a teacher through email and the messaging system on Moodle about a grade or an assignment and neverRead MorePersonal Object - Original Writing958 Words   |  4 Pages Personal Object An object I believe portrays how I see myself would be my drama team t-shirt. When this assignment was announced it was actually the first thing I thought of. The shirt brings a lot of memories back for me. In my opinion, I think it portrays my personality, the quiet and crazy side, as well as how passionate I am. It is a reminder that I can do anything I set my mind to. It’s a reminder of my faith even in the dark moments and when I feel like I’m failing. It portrays my desireRead MoreA Visit At The Museum Of Fine Arts1210 Words   |  5 PagesMuseum Assignment On November 8th, 2016 I took a trip to the Museum of Fine Arts in Boston, Massachusetts, to conduct research on different kinds of art. When I got there I went straight to The Ancient World exhibit to find a piece of artwork that I found fascinating. The moment I took a step through those giant glass doors, I saw the Colossal Statue of King Menkaura. This vast piece of artwork had so much history and detail from one particular era, it was almost breathtaking. As I continued onRead MoreThe Main Problem with Management1002 Words   |  4 PagesDuring my four years at USC, my course focus has mainly been on management. Initially, I began as a Sport and Entertainment Management major, and then transferred into the Bachelor of Arts in Interdisciplinary Arts major. The BAIS has allowed me the flexibility to expand my interest in management in general. My two areas of focus in the BAIS are Sport and Entertainment Management and Business Management. Accordingly, my paper will focus on a pr oblem in management. My work experience and my course

Movie Analysis Fury Essay Example For Students

Movie Analysis Fury Essay Throughout the movie, Fury, there were many times where the characters had to use critical thinking. Critical thinking is when you study a clear, reasoned judgment or decision. Norman Ellison, the main character, and his team were put to the test in many different scenarios. The decisions that one person made ended up affecting the whole team. Critical thinking is important, but it is also important to make judgments quickly and efficiently. What would you do if you had to kill a child, knowing that if you did not, someone else would die? Norman was faced with this conflict. He had to decide if he should shoot the children he saw in the woods or allow them to live. After thinking about it he did not shoot the children, and because he did not do his job and allowed them to live the tank in front of his team got blown to pieces, and his men died. I do not believe he made the right decision because when it came down to it, even though they were young children they were still the enemy. He should have shot them and have been quicker about it. He probably thought it through, and at the time shooting children most likely sounded crazy to him, but after his people got blown up it brought him back to reality. I believe that was one of the turning points to him making better decisions. There was a time when Wardaddy, Brad Pitt, had to decide how to help Norman become a better soldier. He had the choice to let some of the other soldiers kill the German soldier or he could make Norman do it. The cons to making Norman do it is he could possibly pass out or kill himself from the guilt of taking another man’s life. The pros are that he might realize that this is his job and he’s saving more lives than he’s taking. Brad Pitt chose to make Norman kill the man. Norman was very scared and sad. He rejected it at first, but he had no choice. A part of critical thinking is living with the choices that you make, right or wrong. Brad Pitt also had another choice to make using critical thinking. There was a massive battalion coming straight toward the tank that had just broke down. He had the choice to stay and fight or to run and hide. If he stayed and fought he knew he was going to die, but if he ran and hid he and his team would most likely be safe for the time being. Brad Pitt chose to stay, and so did his team. Making this choice, he had to come up with a tactical plan and execute it correctly he also had prepare to die. They all had to think quickly when making this decision because if they had stop to write the pros and cons down they would have died anyway without putting up a fight or having a chance to run. I agree with the choice they made in staying and fighting. Yes, they all died accept for Norman, but the choice that they made was the choice of heroes.

White Pollution Essay Example

White Pollution Paper Dictionary, the pollution means spiritual or moral corruption (4th cent), but the meaning of white pollution is very different. For people who does not know Chemistry very well and people who is not recycling, they will not have a idea what is white pollution. In addition, they will not know how harmful the white pollution is to the Earth. Actually, the white pollution means that the plastic things, like plastic bottle, plastic bags, plastic silverware and so on, kills animals or influences earths quantity. They reason why the plastic is influencing earths quantity is that the plastic artificialities will not be deprecated by the earth, so it will stay under the ground for hundreds of years. At the same time, we are still manufacturing more and more plastic things. As we bury more and more plastic, the earths contain more and more undependable things. Which means there will be a lot of plastic things under the ground, and finally, we cannot use the earth to grow anything. The second pollution is that the plastic things is killing animals. There are thousands of plastic bags floating to the ocean every year, so animals in the ocean think the plastic bags are the food and swallow them. Finally, animals, like whale, turtle and so on, burst its deep gullet and dead because they cannot digest the plastic bags. There are a lot of news said when the scientist and veterinarian anatomists the dead whale and turtle, they found hundred of plastic bags in their bodies. So when we are using the white pollution, it generally means something bad for our environment. We will write a custom essay sample on White Pollution specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on White Pollution specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on White Pollution specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer